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An absolute air mass of 1.5 (solar zenith angle 48.19°s).

Standard Atmosphereb with temperature, pressure, aerosol density (ruralĪerosol loading), air density, molecular species density specified in 33 layers The specified atmospheric conditions are: Toward the equator, facing the sun (i.e., the surface normal points to the sun, atĪn elevation of 41.81° above the horizon).

The receiving surface is defined in the standards as an inclined plane at 37° tilt The tilt angle selected is approximately the average latitude for the Selected were a reasonable average for the 48 contiguous U.S. Selective PV materials with respect to performance measured under varying naturalĪnd artificial sources of light with various spectral distributions. These distributions of power (watts per square meter per nanometer of bandwidth) asĪ function of wavelength provide a single common reference for evaluating spectrally One set of specified atmospheric conditions. Solar spectral irradiance on a surface of specified orientation under one and only The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) G-173 spectra represent terrestrial